Do You Need an EPC to Sell a House

When preparing to sell a property in the UK, one of the legal requirements that can often cause confusion is the Energy Performance Certificate, more commonly known as an EPC. Homeowners frequently ask whether they must provide one when selling, how long they remain valid, and whether improvements are necessary before placing the home on the market. Understanding how EPCs work is essential for anyone planning to sell, as failing to provide a valid certificate can delay the process or lead to penalties.

What an EPC Is and Why It Matters

An EPC gives a clear indication of how energy efficient a property is, using a rating scale from A to G. A-rated homes are the most energy efficient, while those with a G rating are the least. The certificate not only provides a rating but also suggests ways the property could be improved, such as adding insulation, replacing old boilers, or fitting low-energy lighting. Buyers find EPCs useful because they give an idea of the likely running costs of a home. For sellers, it is a legal requirement to provide one so that potential buyers can make informed decisions before committing to a purchase.

The Legal Requirement for EPCs When Selling

Under UK law, a valid EPC must be available when a property is marketed for sale. This means that estate agents, online listings, and property particulars must display the EPC rating so that prospective buyers can see it at the earliest stage. Without an EPC, the property cannot be legally advertised for sale. There are some exceptions, such as certain listed buildings where improvements would negatively affect their character, but for the majority of homes in the UK, an EPC is required before the property can be placed on the market.

How Long an EPC Lasts

EPCs are valid for ten years from the date of issue. If you already have one from when you purchased the property or from a previous letting, you may be able to use the same certificate, provided it has not expired. It is always worth checking the expiry date before beginning the selling process. If the EPC is out of date, you must commission a new one before marketing the home. The process is relatively straightforward and usually inexpensive, but it is important not to overlook this step as it is a mandatory part of property sales in the UK.

The Impact of EPC Ratings on Property Sales

While an EPC is a legal requirement, the rating itself does not prevent you from selling your home. Even properties with lower ratings can still be sold, though buyers may take the cost of energy efficiency improvements into account when making offers. Properties with higher ratings, on the other hand, often appeal more to environmentally conscious buyers or those looking to save on energy bills. Some sellers choose to make improvements before selling to achieve a better rating, which can increase buyer interest and potentially add value to the property.

How to Get an EPC Before Selling

An EPC can only be carried out by an accredited domestic energy assessor. They will visit the property, review elements such as insulation, heating systems, windows, and lighting, and then produce a certificate that is valid for ten years. Once issued, the EPC is added to the national register, making it accessible for both the seller and any prospective buyers. The cost of commissioning an EPC varies depending on the size and location of the property, but it is generally a modest expense compared to other selling costs.

Consequences of Selling Without an EPC

Failing to provide a valid EPC when selling a property can result in penalties issued by the local authority. These fines can be several hundred pounds and may also cause delays in the selling process if buyers or solicitors request the document and it is not available. Estate agents are also legally required to ensure an EPC is in place before marketing a property, so in most cases, they will insist on seeing a valid certificate before listing the home for sale.

Should You Improve Your EPC Before Selling?

While you are not legally required to make improvements before selling, many homeowners choose to do so in order to make the property more appealing to buyers. Simple steps such as fitting LED bulbs, topping up loft insulation, or servicing the boiler can make a noticeable difference to the rating. More significant upgrades such as replacing an outdated heating system or fitting double glazing can also help, though sellers should weigh up the costs against the potential increase in property value. Buyers may see a higher EPC rating as a sign that the home will be cheaper to run, which can make it more attractive in a competitive market.

Conclusion

To sell a property in the UK, you must have a valid EPC in place before marketing begins. The certificate provides buyers with important information on the energy performance of the home and is valid for ten years once issued. Selling without one is not permitted and could lead to fines or delays. Although the rating itself will not prevent a sale, improving it can help attract buyers and potentially boost the property’s value. For homeowners preparing to sell, ensuring that a valid EPC is ready is a key step in the process and one that should not be overlooked.